1. Matanthauzo osiyanasiyana
CNC lathe ndi chabe makina chida olamulidwa ndi manambala.Ichi ndi chida chodziwikiratu chokhala ndi pulogalamu yowongolera.Dongosolo lonse limatha kuwongolera kachidindo kapena pulogalamu yofotokozedwa ndi malangizo ena ophiphiritsa, kenako ndikuyika Iwo amangopangidwa okha, kenako amapangidwa momveka bwino, kotero kuti zochita za chida chonse cha makina zitha kukonzedwa molingana ndi pulogalamu yoyambirira. .
Kugwira ntchito ndi kuyang'anira lathe ya CNC ya gawo lolamulira la CNC lathe zonsezi zimamalizidwa mu gawo la CNC, lomwe ndi lofanana ndi ubongo wa chipangizo.Zida zomwe timazitcha nthawi zambiri zimakhala malo opangira makina a index control lathe.
Lathes wamba ndi yopingasa lathes kuti akhoza pokonza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya workpieces monga mitsinje, zimbale, mphete, etc. Kubowola, reaming, pogogoda ndi knurling, etc.
2, mitundu yosiyanasiyana
The CNC lathe alibe dongosolo limodzi CNC, lilinso zambiri umisiri zosiyanasiyana, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito umisiri zosiyanasiyana kotheratu.Zimakhudza zambiri.
Kuphatikizapo CNC lathes, CNC mphero makina, CNC malo Machining, ndi CNC waya kudula ndi zina zambiri zosiyanasiyana.Njira imodzi yotere ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za chinenero cha digito potembenuza, ndikukonza chida chonse cha makina olamulidwa ndi kompyuta.
3. Ubwino wosiyanasiyana
Pali zabwino zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito CNC lathes pokonza zinthu poyerekeza ndi zida zonse zamakina.Kugwiritsa ntchito ma CNC lathes pokonza zinthu kumatha kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupanga.Pambuyo pothira ntchito yonseyo, lowetsani pulogalamu yokonzekera yokonzekera.
Chida chonse cha makina chimatha kumaliza ntchito yokonza makinawo.Kunena zoona, mbali zomangika zikasinthidwa, nthawi zambiri zimangofunika kusintha madongosolo angapo a CNC, kotero kumlingo wina, izi zitha kufupikitsa nthawi yonse yopangira makina.Poyerekeza ndi makina opangira makina, kupanga bwino kumatha kuwongolera kwambiri.
CNC lathe ndi imodzi mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri CNC makina zida.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri podula ma cylindrical amkati ndi akunja amtundu wa shaft kapena magawo a disc, mkati ndi kunja kowoneka bwino kwa ngodya za taper, zovuta kuzungulira mkati ndi kunja, ndi ulusi wa cylindrical ndi conical, etc., ndipo amatha kuchita grooving, kubowola. , reming, reming Mabowo ndi borings, etc.
Chida cha makina a CNC chimangoyendetsa zigawo zomwe zimayenera kukonzedwa molingana ndi pulogalamu yomwe idakonzedweratu.Timalemba njira yopangira makina, magawo azinthu, njira yoyendetsera zida, kusamuka, kudula magawo ndi ntchito zothandizira gawolo kukhala mndandanda wamapulogalamu opangira makina molingana ndi malangizo ndi mtundu wa pulogalamu yofotokozedwa ndi chida cha makina a CNC, kenako ndikulemba zomwe zili mndandanda wa pulogalamu.Pa sing'anga yowongolera, imalowetsedwa mu chipangizo chowongolera manambala cha chida chowongolera manambala, potero kuwongolera chida cha makina kuti chikonzere magawowo.
● High processing mwatsatanetsatane ndi khola processing khalidwe;
● Kulumikizana kophatikizana kosiyanasiyana kumatha kuchitidwa, ndipo magawo okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta amatha kukonzedwa;
● Magawo a makina akasinthidwa, nthawi zambiri pulogalamu ya NC ndiyofunika kusinthidwa, yomwe ingapulumutse nthawi yokonzekera kupanga;
● Chida cha makina palokha chimakhala cholondola kwambiri komanso chosasunthika, ndipo chimatha kusankha ndalama zoyendetsera bwino, ndipo zokolola zimakhala zazikulu (nthawi zambiri 3 ~ 5 kuposa zida zamakina wamba);
● Chida cha makina chili ndi digiri yapamwamba yodzipangira yokha, yomwe ingachepetse mphamvu ya ntchito;
● Zofunikira zamtundu wapamwamba kwa ogwira ntchito komanso zofunikira zaukadaulo za ogwira ntchito yokonza.
Tsimikizirani zofunika ndondomeko ya mbali lililonse ndi mtanda wa workpieces kuti kukonzedwa, ndi kupanga ntchito zimene CNC lathes ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale, ndi precondition kwa zomveka kusankha CNC lathes: kukumana ndi ndondomeko zofunika mbali wamba.
The ndondomeko zofunika mbali lililonse makamaka structural kukula, processing osiyanasiyana ndi mwatsatanetsatane zofunika mbali.Malinga ndi zofunikira zolondola, ndiko kuti, kulondola kwa dimensional, malo olondola ndi kuuma kwapamwamba kwa workpiece, kuwongolera kulondola kwa CNC lathe kumasankhidwa.Sankhani molingana ndi kudalirika, chomwe ndi chitsimikizo chakuwongolera mtundu wazinthu ndikuchita bwino.Kudalirika kwa zida zamakina a CNC kumatanthauza kuti chida cha makina chikachita ntchito zake pansi pamikhalidwe yodziwika, chimayenda mokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kulephera.Ndiko kuti, nthawi yapakati pakati pa zolephera ndi yayitali, ngakhale kulephera kuchitika, kumatha kubwezeretsedwanso pakanthawi kochepa ndikuyambiranso.Sankhani chida chamakina chokhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenera, opangidwa bwino, komanso opangidwa mochuluka.Nthawi zambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, m'pamenenso kudalirika kwa dongosolo la CNC.
Zida zopangira makina ndi zida
Zida zopangira makina, zida zosinthira ndi mphamvu zawo zoperekera, zida ndizofunikira kwambiri pazingwe za CNC ndi malo otembenuza omwe adayikidwa pakupanga.Posankha chida cha makina, kuganizira mozama kuyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zida ndi zipangizo.
Control System
Opanga nthawi zambiri amasankha zinthu kuchokera kwa wopanga yemweyo, komanso njira zowongolera zogulira kuchokera kwa wopanga yemweyo, zomwe zimabweretsa kumasuka kwa ntchito yokonza.Magawo ophunzitsira, chifukwa chofuna kuti ophunzira adziwe bwino, amasankha machitidwe osiyanasiyana, ndipo ndi chisankho chanzeru kukhala ndi mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana oyerekeza.
Mtengo wa magwiridwe antchito kuti musankhe
Onetsetsani kuti ntchito ndi zolondola sizikhala zopanda ntchito kapena zowonongeka, ndipo musasankhe ntchito zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu.
Kutetezedwa kwa zida zamakina
Pakafunika, chida cha makinawo chikhoza kukhala ndi alonda otsekeredwa kwathunthu kapena otsekeredwa ndi zida zochotsa chip zokha.
Posankha CNC lathes ndi kutembenukira malo, mfundo pamwamba ayenera kumvetsa bwinobwino.
Ngakhale CNC lathes ndi wapamwamba processing kusinthasintha kuposa lathes wamba, pali kusiyana ena ndi lathes wamba ponena za dzuwa kupanga gawo linalake.Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a CNC lathes kwakhala chinsinsi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru luso la mapulogalamu ndikukonzekera mapulogalamu opangira makina apamwamba nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka pakuwongolera zida zamakina.
1. Kusintha kosinthika kwa mfundo
BIEJING-FANUC Power Mate O CNC lathe ili ndi nkhwangwa ziwiri, zomwe ndi spindle Z ndi chida cholumikizira X. Pakatikati pa zinthu za bar ndi chiyambi cha dongosolo logwirizanitsa.Mpeni uliwonse ukayandikira zinthu za bar, mtengo wolumikizira umachepa, womwe umatchedwa chakudya;m'malo mwake, pamene mtengo wogwirizanitsa ukuwonjezeka, umatchedwa retract.Mukabwerera pamalo pomwe chidacho chidayambira, chidacho chimayima, malowa amatchedwa point point.Mfundo yofotokozera ndi lingaliro lofunika kwambiri pamapulogalamu.Pambuyo pa kuzungulira kwadzidzidzi kulikonse kuchitidwa, chidacho chiyenera kubwereranso kumalo awa kukonzekera kuzungulira kotsatira.Chifukwa chake, musanayambe pulojekitiyi, malo enieni a chida ndi spindle ayenera kusinthidwa kuti ma coordinates azikhala ofanana.Komabe, malo enieni a malo ofotokozerawo sanakhazikitsidwe, ndipo wokonza mapulogalamu amatha kusintha malo a malo owonetserako molingana ndi kukula kwa gawolo, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikufupikitsa kugunda kosagwira ntchito kwa chidacho.potero kukulitsa luso.
2. Sinthani ziro kukhala njira yonse
Pazida zamagetsi zotsika mphamvu, pali zigawo zambiri zazifupi za shaft, kutalika kwa m'mimba mwake ndi pafupifupi 2 ~ 3, ndipo m'mimba mwake nthawi zambiri ndi pansi pa 3mm.Chifukwa cha kukula kwa geometric yaying'ono ya zigawozo, ndizovuta kuti zida wamba zitsekedwe ndipo mtundu wake sungakhale wotsimikizika.Ngati idakonzedwa motsatira njira wamba, gawo limodzi lokha limakonzedwa mumzere uliwonse.Chifukwa chakufupika kwa axial dimension, spindle slider ya chida cha makina imabwereza pafupipafupi panjanji yowongolera pamakina, ndipo makina omangira a chuck amasuntha pafupipafupi.Pambuyo pogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa njanji zowongolera zida zamakina, zomwe zimakhudza kulondola kwa makina a makina, komanso kupangitsa kuti chida cha makina chichotsedwe.Kuchita pafupipafupi kwa makina a clamping a collet kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chipangizo chamagetsi chowongolera.Kuti athetse mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa, ndikofunikira kuonjezera kutalika kwa kudyetsa kwa spindle ndi nthawi yolumikizira makina a collet chuck, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, zokolola sizingachepetse.Choncho, ngati mbali zingapo zikhoza kukonzedwa mu makina amodzi, kutalika kwa chakudya cha spindle ndi kangapo kutalika kwa gawo limodzi, ndipo ngakhale mtunda wothamanga kwambiri wa spindle ukhoza kufika, ndi nthawi yochitapo kanthu ya clamping. makina a collet chuck amakulitsidwa mofanana.nthawi zoyambirira.Chofunika kwambiri, nthawi yothandiza ya gawo limodzi loyambirira imagawidwa m'magawo angapo, ndipo nthawi yothandiza ya gawo lililonse imafupikitsidwa kwambiri, potero kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yabwino.Kuti ndizindikire lingaliro ili, ndili ndi lingaliro la pulogalamu yayikulu ndi pulogalamu yaying'ono pamapulogalamu apakompyuta kupita pakompyuta.Ngati gawo la lamulo lokhudzana ndi miyeso ya geometrical ya gawolo limayikidwa mu subprogram, gawo la lamulo lokhudzana ndi kuwongolera zida zamakina ndi gawo lolamula la magawo odulidwa amayikidwa mu pulogalamu yaying'ono.Ikani mu pulogalamu yayikulu, nthawi iliyonse gawo likakonzedwa, pulogalamu yayikulu imayimbira pulogalamuyo kamodzi poyimbira lamulo la subprogram, ndipo makinawo akamaliza, amalumphira ku pulogalamu yayikulu.Ndikopindulitsa kwambiri kuonjezera kapena kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zigawo zomwe ziyenera kupangidwa mumzere uliwonse poyitana magawo angapo ang'onoang'ono pamene zigawo zingapo ziyenera kupangidwa.Pulogalamu yokonza yomwe imapangidwa motere ndi yachidule komanso yomveka bwino, yomwe ndi yosavuta kuyisintha ndikuyikonza.Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti, chifukwa magawo a pulogalamuyo amakhalabe osasinthika mu kuyitana kulikonse, ndipo makonzedwe a axis aakulu akusintha nthawi zonse, kuti agwirizane ndi pulogalamu yayikulu, mawu okhudzana ndi mapulogalamu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu subprogram.
3. Chepetsani kuyenda kosagwira ntchito kwa chida
Mu lathe ya BIEJING-FANUC Power Mate O CNC, kuyenda kwa chida kumayendetsedwa ndi stepper motor.Ngakhale pali lamulo lofulumira la G00 mu lamulo la pulogalamu, silikugwira ntchito bwino poyerekeza ndi njira yodyetsera ya lathe wamba.apamwamba.Chifukwa chake, kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino zida zamakina, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa chidacho kuyenera kuwongolera.Kuyenda kwachabechabe kwa chida kumatanthawuza mtunda umene chidacho chimayenda pamene chikuyandikira workpiece ndikubwerera kumalo owonetsera pambuyo podula.Malingana ngati kuyenda kosagwira ntchito kwa chida kumachepetsedwa, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito chida ikhoza kusinthidwa.(Kwa ma lathe a CNC olamulidwa ndi mfundo, kulondola kwapamwamba kokha kumafunika, kuyika malo kungakhale mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo njira yoyendetsera chida chokhudzana ndi workpiece ndi yosafunika.) Pankhani ya kusintha kwa chida cha makina, malo oyambirira a malo oyambira. za chida ziyenera kukonzedwa momwe zingathere.Mwinanso pafupi ndi bar stock.Pamapulogalamu, malinga ndi kapangidwe ka magawowo, gwiritsani ntchito zida zochepa momwe mungathere kuti mupange makinawo kuti zidazo zikhale zomwazika momwe zingathere zikayikidwa, ndipo sizingasokoneze wina ndi mnzake akakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi bala;kumbali ina, chifukwa cha chiyambi chenichenicho Malo asintha kuchokera pachiyambi, ndipo malo ofotokozera a chidacho ayenera kusinthidwa mu pulogalamuyi kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe zikuchitika.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi lamulo lofulumira loyika mfundo, kugunda kosagwira ntchito kwa chida kumatha kuwongoleredwa mkati mwazochepa.Potero kupititsa patsogolo luso la makina a makina.
4. Konzani magawo, kusanja zida zonyamula ndikuchepetsa kuvala kwa zida
Chitukuko mchitidwe
Chiyambireni m'zaka za zana la 21, ndikukula kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa CNC komanso kukula kwa magawo ogwiritsira ntchito, zakhala zikuthandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa mafakitale ofunikira (IT, magalimoto, mafakitale opepuka, chithandizo chamankhwala, etc.) chuma cha dziko ndi moyo wa anthu, chifukwa mafakitale awa The digitization wa zipangizo zofunika ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu chitukuko chamakono.Kawirikawiri, CNC lathes amasonyeza zinthu zitatu zotsatirazi:
Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kulondola kwambiri
Kuthamanga kwambiri ndi kulondola ndi zolinga zamuyaya za chitukuko cha makina.Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha sayansi ndi luso, liwiro la m'malo mankhwala electromechanical imathandizira, ndipo zofunika mwatsatanetsatane ndi pamwamba khalidwe la mbali processing ndi apamwamba ndi apamwamba.Kuti akwaniritse zosowa za msika wovutawu komanso wosinthika, zida zamakina zamakono zikukula motsata kudula kothamanga kwambiri, kudula kowuma komanso kudula kowuma, ndipo kulondola kwa makina kukukulirakulira.Kumbali ina, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa ma spindles amagetsi ndi ma liniya motors, mayendedwe a mpira wa ceramic, kuziziritsa kwamkati kwapamwamba kwambiri, kutsogolo kwakukulu kolowera mkati ndi mtedza wa mpira wolimba kuzirala kozizira kocheperako kothamanga kwambiri mpira wononga mawiri awiri ndi mzere wowongolera wokhala ndi makola a mpira. zida zina zamakina zida zogwirira ntchito Kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zamakina kwapanganso mikhalidwe yopangira zida zamakina othamanga kwambiri komanso olondola.
The CNC lathe utenga wopondera magetsi, amene kuletsa maulalo monga malamba, pulleys ndi magiya, amachepetsa kwambiri rotational inertia wa galimoto yaikulu, bwino zamphamvu kuyankha liwiro ndi kulondola ntchito yopota, ndi kuthetsa kwathunthu vuto la malamba ndi zopindika pamene spindle ikuyenda mothamanga kwambiri.Mavuto a vibration ndi phokoso.Kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a spindle amagetsi kumatha kupangitsa kuti liwiro la spindle lifike kuposa 10000r/min.
Galimoto yofananira imakhala ndi liwiro lalikulu, kuthamanga kwabwino komanso kutsika, ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri oyankhira komanso kutsatira kulondola.Kugwiritsa ntchito liniya mota ngati servo drive kumachotsa ulalo wapakatikati wa wononga mpira, kumachotsa kusiyana kwapang'onopang'ono (kuphatikiza kubwelera kumbuyo), kuyenda kwa inertia ndikocheperako, kukhazikika kwadongosolo ndikwabwino, ndipo kumatha kuyikika pa liwiro lalikulu, motero. kuwongolera kwambiri kulondola kwa Servo.
Chifukwa chololeza ziro mbali zonse komanso kukangana kochepa kwambiri, mizere yolondolerayo imakhala ndi kavalidwe kakang'ono komanso katenthedwe kakang'ono, ndipo imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta bwino, komwe kumapangitsa kulondola kwa malo ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa njira yonseyo.Kupyolera mukugwiritsa ntchito makina ozungulira ndi mzere wowongolera wowongolera, kuthamanga kwachangu kwa chida cha makina kumatha kukulitsidwa kuchoka pa 10-20m/mim mpaka 60-80m/min, ndipo chapamwamba kwambiri ndi 120m/min.
Kudalirika kwakukulu
Kudalirika kwa zida zamakina a CNC ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha zida zamakina a CNC.Kaya chida cha makina a CNC chitha kuchita bwino kwambiri, kulondola kwambiri komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri, ndikupeza zabwino, chinsinsi chimadalira kudalirika kwake.
CNC lathe design CAD, structural design modularization
Ndi kutchuka kwa mapulogalamu apakompyuta komanso chitukuko chaukadaulo wa mapulogalamu, ukadaulo wa CAD wapangidwa kwambiri.CAD siingangolowetsamo ntchito yotopetsa yojambula ndi ntchito yamanja, koma koposa zonse, imatha kupanga kusankha kwa chiwembu ndi kusanthula kokhazikika komanso kosunthika, kuwerengera, kulosera ndi kukhathamiritsa kapangidwe ka makina akulu akulu, ndipo imatha kuchita zoyeserera mwamphamvu. gawo lililonse logwira ntchito la makina onse..Pamaziko a modularity, mawonekedwe amtundu wamitundu itatu ndi mtundu weniweni wa mankhwalawa amatha kuwoneka pagawo lopanga.Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa CAD kungathenso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zogwirira ntchito ndikuwongolera kamangidwe ka nthawi imodzi, potero kufupikitsa nthawi yopangira mayesero, kuchepetsa mtengo wa mapangidwe, ndi kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wamsika.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-28-2022