Pankhani yopera, mafunso ofunika kwambiri 20 ndi mayankho (2)

mw1420 (1)

 

 

11. Kodi matekinoloje opangira magudumu oyendetsa bwino ndi otani pakupera kothamanga kwambiri?

Yankho: Pakalipano, matekinoloje okhwima kwambiri opangira magudumu ndi:

 

(1) ELID online electrolytic kuvala luso;

(2) EDM akupera gudumu kuvala luso;

(3) Chikho akupera gudumu kuvala luso;

(4) Electrolysis-mechanical composite teknoloji yojambula

 

 

12. Kodi akupera mwatsatanetsatane ndi chiyani?Yesani kufotokoza mwachidule kusankha mfundo ya akupera gudumu mwatsatanetsatane akupera wamba akupera gudumu.

Yankho: Kupukuta molondola kumatanthawuza kusankha gudumu lopukutira bwino pamakina opukutira olondola, komanso kuvala bwino gudumu lopukutira, njere za abrasive zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono komanso ma contour.Zizindikiro zopera zimakhala zabwino kwambiri, kutalika kotsalira ndi kochepa kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira za gawo lopanda phokoso zimawonjezeredwa, ndi njira yopera pamwamba pa makina olondola a 1 mpaka 0.1 mm ndi roughness Ra ya 0.2 mpaka 0.025 mm wapezeka.

 

Mfundo yosankhira gudumu lopukutira mwatsatanetsatane kugaya wamba wamba:

 

(1) Abrasive ya gudumu lopera lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pogaya mwatsatanetsatane zimachokera pa mfundo ya kukhala yosavuta kupanga ndi kusunga micro-m'mphepete ndi contour yake.

 

(2) Kukula kwa tinthu ta gudumu?Poganizira zinthu za geometric yekha, bwino ndi akupera gudumu tinthu kukula, ang'onoang'ono padziko roughness kufunika akupera.Komabe, pamene particles abrasive ndi zabwino kwambiri, osati gudumu akupera mosavuta oletsedwa ndi akupera zinyalala, koma ngati madutsidwe matenthedwe si zabwino, izo zimayambitsa amayaka ndi zochitika zina pa machined pamwamba, amene adzawonjezera roughness pamwamba. mtengo..

 

(3) Kumangirira gudumu?Zomangira magudumu opera zimaphatikizapo utomoni, zitsulo, zoumba, etc., ndi resins amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Kwa mawilo ogawira-grained, chomangira cha vitrified chingagwiritsidwe ntchito.Zomangira zitsulo ndi ceramic ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri pa kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kugaya molondola.

 

 

.Kodi kusankha kuchuluka akupera?

Yankho: Makhalidwe akuluakulu a superabrasive akupera gudumu akupera ndi:

 

(1) Angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza zosiyanasiyana kuuma mkulu ndi mkulu brittleness zitsulo ndi zinthu sanali zitsulo.

 

(2) Wamphamvu akupera luso, zabwino kuvala kukana, mkulu durability, akhoza kukhala akupera ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, nthawi zochepa kuvala, zosavuta kukhalabe tinthu kukula;zosavuta kulamulira kukula processing ndi kuzindikira processing zochita zokha.

 

(3) Mphamvu yogaya ndi yaying'ono ndipo kutentha kwakupera kumakhala kochepa, kotero kuti kupsinjika kwamkati kungathe kuchepetsedwa, palibe zolakwika monga zopsereza ndi ming'alu, ndipo khalidwe lapamwamba la makina ndi labwino.Pamene diamondi ikupera gudumu ikupera simenti carbide, mphamvu yake yopera imangokhala 1/4 mpaka 1/5 ya green silicon carbide.

 

(4) Kuchita bwino kwambiri pogaya.Pamene machining aloyi zolimba ndi sanali zitsulo zinthu zolimba ndi Chimaona, mlingo kuchotsa zitsulo mawilo diamondi akupera ndi bwino kuposa mawilo kiyubiki boron nitride akupera;koma popanga zitsulo zosagwira kutentha, ma aloyi a titaniyamu, chitsulo chakufa ndi zinthu zina, mawilo akupera a boron nitride ndi apamwamba kwambiri pamagudumu a diamondi.

 

(5) Mtengo wokonza ndi wotsika.Gudumu la diamondi ndi gudumu lopera la boron nitride la cubic ndi okwera mtengo, koma amakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki komanso kukonza bwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake mtengo wake ndi wotsika.

 

Superabrasive akupera gudumu akupera kusankha mlingo:

 

(1) Liwiro lopera Liwiro lopera la gudumu lopera la diamondi lopanda zitsulo nthawi zambiri ndi 12 ~ 30m/s.Liwiro akupera wa kiyubiki boron nitride akupera gudumu akhoza kukhala apamwamba kwambiri kuposa gudumu diamondi akupera, ndi kusankha 45-60m/s makamaka chifukwa matenthedwe bata la kiyubiki boron nitride abrasive.

 

(2) The akupera kuya zambiri zambiri 0.001 kuti 0.01 mm, amene akhoza kusankhidwa malinga ndi akupera njira, abrasive tinthu kukula, binder ndi kuzirala zinthu.

 

(3) The workpiece liwiro zambiri 10-20m/mphindi.

 

(4) Longitudinal chakudya liwiro?Nthawi zambiri 0.45 ~ 1.5m/mphindi.

 

 

14. Kodi mphero wolondola kwambiri ndi chiyani?Yesani kufotokoza mwachidule limagwirira ake, makhalidwe ndi ntchito.

Yankho: Ultra-mwatsatanetsatane akupera amatanthauza akupera gudumu akupera njira ndi Machining molondola zosakwana 0.1mm ndi roughness pamwamba zosakwana Ra0.025mm., Zipangizo zachitsulo, zoumba, galasi ndi zina zolimba ndi Chimaona zinthu processing.

 

Makina opera olondola kwambiri:

 

(1) Abrasive particles akhoza kuonedwa ngati zotanuka thupi ndi zotanuka thandizo ndi lalikulu negative angatenge ngodya kudula m'mphepete.Thandizo la elastic ndi chomangira.Ngakhale particles abrasive ndi kuuma kwambiri ndipo mapindikidwe awo ndi ochepa kwambiri, iwo akadali elastomers.

 

(2) Kuzama kwa m'mphepete mwa njere za abrasive kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku ziro, kenako kumatsika pang'onopang'ono mpaka ziro pambuyo pofika pamtengo wokwanira.

 

(3) Njira yonse yolumikizirana pakati pa njere za abrasive ndi chogwirira ntchito imatsatiridwa ndi zone zotanuka, zone yapulasitiki, zone yodula, zone yapulasitiki ndi zone zotanuka.

 

(4) Mu ultra-precision akupera, micro-kudula kanthu, pulasitiki otaya, zotanuka chiwonongeko kanthu ndi kutsetsereka kanthu amaonekera motsatizana malinga ndi kusintha kwa zinthu kudula.Tsambali likakhala lakuthwa ndipo lili ndi kuya kwina kwakupera, mphamvu yodula yaying'ono imakhala yamphamvu;ngati tsamba silikuthwa mokwanira, kapena kuya kwake ndi kozama kwambiri, kutuluka kwa pulasitiki, kuwonongeka kwa zotanuka ndi kutsetsereka kumachitika.

 

Mawonekedwe a Ultra Precision Akupera:

 

(1) Ultra-precision akupera ndi ntchito mwadongosolo.

(2) Superabrasive akupera gudumu ndi chida chachikulu ultra-mwatsatanetsatane akupera.

(3) Ultra-mwatsatanetsatane akupera ndi mtundu wa kopitilira muyeso yaying'ono kudula ndondomeko.

 

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphero wolondola kwambiri:

 

(1) Kupera zitsulo monga zitsulo ndi ma alloys ake, makamaka zitsulo zolimba zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pozimitsa.

 

(2) Zipangizo zolimba ndi zosalimba zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popera zopanda zitsulo?Mwachitsanzo, zoumba, galasi, quartz, zipangizo semiconductor, mwala zipangizo, etc.

 

(3) Pakali pano, pali makamaka cylindrical grinders, pamwamba grinders, mkati grinders, coordinate grinders ndi zina Ultra-mwatsatanetsatane grinders, amene ntchito kopitilira muyeso akupera mabwalo akunja, ndege, mabowo ndi kachitidwe dzenje.

 

(4) Kupera kolondola kwambiri komanso kukonza kwaulele kwaulere kumayenderana.

 

 

15. Fotokozani mwachidule mfundo ndi makhalidwe a ELID galasi akupera.

Yankho: Mfundo ya ELID galasi akupera: Pa ndondomeko akupera, electrolytic akupera madzimadzi amatsanuliridwa pakati pa gudumu akupera ndi chida elekitirodi ndi DC kugunda panopa umagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuti zitsulo chomangira cha gudumu akupera monga anode ali anode. Kusungunuka kwenikweni ndi kuchotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti The abrasive njere amene sanakhudzidwe ndi electrolysis protrude kuchokera pamwamba pa gudumu akupera.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa electrolysis ndondomeko, wosanjikiza filimu okusayidi ndi katundu insulating pang'onopang'ono anapanga pamwamba pa gudumu akupera, kuteteza kupitiriza ndondomeko electrolysis.Pamene njere za abrasive za gudumu lopera zavala, filimu yopanda kanthu Pambuyo pochotsedwa ndi chogwirira ntchito, njira ya electrolysis imapitirira, ndipo kuzungulira kumayambanso, ndipo gudumu lopera limavekedwa mosalekeza ndi machitidwe a electrolysis pa intaneti kuti apeze. kutalika kosalekeza kwa njere za abrasive.

 

Makhalidwe a ELID Akupera:

 

(1) Njira yopera ili ndi kukhazikika kwabwino;

 

(2) Njira yovala imeneyi imalepheretsa gudumu lopera la diamondi kuti lisatha msanga komanso kumapangitsa kuti ma abrasives amtengo wapatali azigwiritsidwa ntchito;

 

(3) ELID kuvala njira kumapangitsa kuti akupera njira controllability wabwino;

 

(4) Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopera ya ELID, n'zosavuta kukwaniritsa galasi akupera, ndipo akhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri ming'alu yotsalira ya zinthu zolimba kwambiri kukhala zigawo zapansi.

 

 

16. Kodi akupera chakudya chokwawa ndi chiyani?Yesani chiphunzitso chotentha cha kutentha kuti mufotokoze chodabwitsa kuti kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kochepa kwambiri koma ndikosavuta kuyaka mwadzidzidzi.

Yankho: Creep Feed Akupera ali ndi mayina ambiri ku China m'mbuyomu, monga akupera amphamvu, katundu akupera, zokwawa akupera, mphero, etc. Panopa dzina lenileni ayenera kukhala Creep Feed Deep Cutting Akupera Akupera, kawirikawiri amatchedwa pang'onopang'ono akupera.Chodziwika bwino cha njirayi ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chochepa, chomwe chimakhala pafupifupi 10-3 mpaka 10-2 kuposa kugaya wamba.Mwachitsanzo, liwiro la workpiece likhoza kukhala lotsika ngati 0.2mm / s panthawi yopera pamwamba, choncho amatchedwa "pang'onopang'ono" akupera.Koma kumbali ina, kuya koyambirira kwa kudula ndi kwakukulu, pafupifupi nthawi 100 mpaka 1000 kuposa kugaya wamba.Mwachitsanzo, malire akuya odulidwa mu akupera lathyathyathya akhoza kufika 20 mpaka 30 mm.

 

Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha kutentha kutentha kutengerapo m'munda wa zomangamanga matenthedwe, ndi malongosoledwe asayansi ya yachibadwa pang'onopang'ono akupera kutentha ndi otsika kwambiri koma nthawi zambiri sachedwa amayaka mwadzidzidzi.Pakukupera pang'onopang'ono, kutentha kwa pamwamba pa workpiece mu arc zone ndi pamwamba pa waya wotentha wa nickel womizidwa mu dziwe ndizofanana, ndipo madzi akupera mu arc zone amakhalanso ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa qlim. zomwe zingayambitse filimu kuwira.Kupera kumatanthauza kugaya kutentha kwa q <> 120 ~ 130 ℃.

 

Ndiko kunena kuti, ziribe kanthu kuti kudula kukulirakulira bwanji panthawi yopera pang'onopang'ono, kaya ndi 1mm, 10mm, 20mm kapena 30mm, bola ngati zinthu zowonongeka pang'onopang'ono zikwaniritsidwa, kutentha kwapamwamba kwa workpiece m'dera la arc kudzakhalako. osapitirira 120 ~ 130 ℃, chomwe ndichifukwa chake njira yopera pang'onopang'ono ndi yosiyana.Ubwino pa akupera wamba.Komabe, mwayi wapadera waukadaulo uwu wa kugaya pang'onopang'ono umatayika mosavuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwamphamvu.The akupera kutentha otaya kachulukidwe q sizimangokhudzana ndi zinthu zambiri monga katundu katundu ndi kudula kuchuluka, komanso zimadalira chakuthwa kwa gudumu akupera pamwamba.Malingana ngati chikhalidwe cha q ≥ qlim chikukwaniritsidwa, pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito m'dera la arc chidzawotchedwa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha madzi akupera omwe amalowa mu filimu yowira..

 

 

17. Kodi kuchita mosalekeza kuvala mu zokwawa chakudya akupera?Kodi ubwino wa kuvala mosalekeza ndi wotani?

Yankho: Zomwe zimatchedwa kuvala mosalekeza zimatanthawuza njira yokonzanso ndikunola gudumu lopera pamene akupera.Ndi njira yopangira kuvala mosalekeza, odzigudubuza ovala diamondi nthawi zonse amalumikizana ndi gudumu lopera.Kuti muzindikire kusintha kwamphamvu kwa gudumu logaya mosalekeza ndi kubwezeredwa kosalekeza pogaya, makina apadera opangira mavalidwe opitilira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Njira yosinthira kuvala mosalekeza ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2. Chiwopsezo choyambirira chogaya gudumu ndi ds1, m'mimba mwake ndi dw1, ndipo m'mimba mwake wa chogudubuza cha diamondi ndi dr.Pa akupera, ngati workpiece utali wozungulira amachepetsa pa liwiro la vfr, chifukwa cha kuvala mosalekeza, Gudumu akupera ayenera kudula mu akupera workpiece pa liwiro la v2 = vfr + vfrd, ndi kuvala wodzigudubuza ayenera kudula mu kuvala akupera gudumu pa. liwiro la v1 = 2vfrd + vfr, kotero kuti malo ovala zovala ndi gudumu lopera asintha.Chifukwa chake, makina opera opangira mawilo osalekeza ayenera kutha kusintha magawo a geometrical.

 

Ubwino wodula mosalekeza ndi wambiri, monga:

 

1) Nthawi yopera, yomwe ili yofanana ndi nthawi yovala, imachotsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugaya bwino;

 

2) Kutalika kwautali wautali kwambiri sikudaliranso kuvala kwa gudumu lopera, koma pamtundu womwe ulipo wa makina opera;

 

3) Mphamvu yeniyeni yogaya imachepetsedwa, mphamvu yogaya ndi kutentha kwapakati zimachepetsedwa, ndipo ndondomeko yopera imakhala yokhazikika.

 

 

18. Kodi kupera lamba ndi chiyani?Fotokozani mwachidule mapangidwe ndi makhalidwe a lamba wa abrasive.

Yankho: Abrasive lamba akupera ndi ndondomeko njira akupera kusuntha abrasive lamba pokhudzana ndi workpiece mu lolingana kukhudzana kukhudzana malinga ndi mawonekedwe a workpiece.

 

Lamba wa abrasive makamaka amapangidwa ndi magawo atatu: matrix, binder ndi abrasive.Matrix ndi chithandizo cha njere za abrasive ndipo amatha kupangidwa ndi mapepala, thonje ndi ulusi wamankhwala.Zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo guluu wa nyama, utomoni wopangira komanso kuphatikiza ziwirizi.Zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo guluu wa nyama, utomoni wopangira komanso kuphatikiza ziwirizi.Guluu wanyama ali ndi kukana kutentha pang'ono, kutsika kwamphamvu kolumikizana, ndipo sikulimbana ndi kukokoloka mwa kudula madzimadzi, kotero angagwiritsidwe ntchito pogaya youma;synthetic resin binder ili ndi mphamvu zomangirira kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala kwambiri, koyenera kupanga malamba othamanga kwambiri.Ma abrasives opangira malamba abrasive ndi corundum yoyera, yoyera ndi chromium yokhala ndi corundum, single crystal corundum, aluminium oxide, zirconium dioxide, green and black silicon carbide, etc.

 

 

19. Kodi magawidwe njira abrasive lamba kupera?Ndi mavuto otani omwe amapezeka pakukula kwa lamba?

Yankho: Malinga ndi njira akupera, abrasive lamba akupera akhoza kugawidwa chatsekedwa abrasive lamba akupera ndi lotseguka abrasive lamba akupera.Abrasive lamba akupera akhoza kugawidwa mu kukhudzana gudumu mtundu, thandizo mbale mtundu, ufulu kukhudzana mtundu ndi ufulu zoyandama kukhudzana mtundu malinga ndi mawonekedwe kukhudzana pakati pa lamba abrasive ndi workpiece.

 

Mavuto omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri pakupanga lamba wonyezimira: kutsekeka, kumamatira, ndi kufota.Kuonjezera apo, lamba wa abrasive nthawi zambiri amawonekera kawirikawiri fractures, kuvala zizindikiro ndi zochitika zina panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.

 

 

20. Kodi ultrasonic vibration akupera ndi chiyani?Mwachidule kufotokoza limagwirira ndi makhalidwe a akupanga kugwedera akupera.

Yankho: Akupanga akupera ndi njira njira kuti ntchito kugwedezeka anakakamizika wa akupera gudumu (kapena workpiece) mu akupera ndondomeko.

 

Limagwirira a akupanga kugwedera akupera: pamene magnetizing mphamvu gwero la akupanga jenereta wayamba, ena akupanga pafupipafupi panopa ndi DC panopa kwa magnetization amaperekedwa kwa faifi tambala magnetostrictive transducer, ndi alternating akupanga pafupipafupi maginito maginito ndi maginito munda amapangidwa kwaiye. mu coil transducer.Nthawi zonse polarized maginito chimathandiza transducer kupanga kotenga nthawi makina kugwedera mphamvu ya pafupipafupi yemweyo, amene opatsirana kwa nyanga pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi matalikidwe amakulitsidwa kwa mtengo anakonzeratu kukankhira ndi resonant wodula kapamwamba kwa kugwedera kudula.The transducer, nyanga, ndi wodula ndodo zonse resonance ndi akupanga pafupipafupi linanena bungwe ndi jenereta, kupanga resonance dongosolo, ndi anakonza mfundo ayenera kukhala pa kusamutsidwa mfundo.

 

Mbali: Akupanga akupera amatha kusunga mbewu abrasive lakuthwa ndi kupewa Chip kutsekereza.Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yodulira imachepetsedwa ndi 30% mpaka 60% poyerekeza ndi kugaya wamba, kutentha kwafupikitsa kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kukonza bwino kumawonjezeka ndi 1 mpaka 4.Kuphatikiza apo, akupanga kugwedera akupera alinso ndi ubwino wa yaying'ono dongosolo, otsika mtengo, ndi zosavuta kutchuka ndi ntchito.


Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-30-2022